Juncus effusus L. APNI* 
Description: Strongly rhizomatous perennial. Culms terete, 30–100 cm long, 1.4–4.3 mm diam., soft, mid-green; culm striations 35–65; pith continuous.
Cataphylls 7–13 cm long, tight, abaxially orange-brown to dark red-brown, adaxially golden brown to coppery.
Inflorescence pseudolateral, diffuse, 2–7 cm long; flowers numerous, solitary or loosely clustered; lowest involucral bract 10–37 cm long, much longer than inflorescence. Tepals straw-brown, with narrow to broad hyaline margins; outer tepals 1.8–2.5 mm long, longer than or equalling inner tepals. Stamens 3(-6), shorter than outer tepals; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm long.
Capsule shorter than or equalling or rarely longer than outer tepals, ellipsoid, obtuse to retuse, not apiculate, golden brown to dark golden brown.
Flowering: spring–summer.
Distribution and occurrence: Naturalized, scattered, mostly near towns and other areas of human activity. Native of Eur., Asia & Afr.
NSW subdivisions: *CC, *NT, *CT, *ST
Other Australian states: *Vic. *Tas. *S.A.
The narrowness and delicacy of the tepals and the dullness of the cataphylls separate this from all native Australian species in this subgenus.
Text by K. L. Wilson, L. A. S. Johnson & P. Bankoff (1993); edited KL Wilson (July 2016, Nov 2022)
Taxon concept: Flora of NSW 4 (1993)
APNI* Provides a link to the Australian Plant Name Index (hosted by the Australian National Botanic Gardens) for comprehensive bibliographic data
***The AVH map option provides a detailed interactive Australia wide distribution map drawn from collections held by all major Australian herbaria participating in the Australian Virtual Herbarium project.
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